What is a gTLD (generic top-level domain)?
Generic top-level domains explained: the original endings like .com, .net and .org, the 2000s additions, the new gTLD era, how gTLDs are governed and how Google treats them.
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A generic top-level domain (gTLD) is an ending that isn't tied to a country. The most famous is .com. gTLDs are overseen by ICANN, which sets rules for registries and registrars.
The original generic endings
Seven endings came before ICANN existed in 1998: .com, .org, .net, .int, .edu, .gov and .mil. Only .com, .net and .org were open to everyone. The others are restricted.
- .com began for commercial companies and became the world's default.
- .net was for network providers and is now open to anyone.
- .org was for organizations and is popular with non-profits, but anyone can register it.
The 2000s additions
ICANN added a handful of new generic endings in the early 2000s, including .info, .biz, .name and .pro, plus several sponsored ones for specific communities, like .aero and .museum. See sponsored TLDs.
The new gTLD era
From 2013, hundreds of new generic endings went live, like .app, .shop, .xyz and .online. A second application round opened in 2026. See new gTLDs.
How gTLDs are governed
- Registries sign agreements with ICANN.
- Registrars that sell them are usually ICANN-accredited.
- Owners must give accurate contact details and verify their email.
- Trademark disputes can be handled through the UDRP process.
Do gTLDs rank differently on Google?
No. Google treats all generic endings, old and new, as global and doesn't give any of them a ranking advantage. What matters is the site's content, links and usefulness.
Questions
Is .com a gTLD?
Yes. .com is the most widely used generic top-level domain.
Do gTLDs affect Google rankings?
No. Google treats all generic endings the same.